AO1: Investigate situations that involve elements of chance by comparing experimental distributions with expectations from models of the possible outcomes, acknowledging variation and independence.

In this unit students play the game "Top Drop" which has them predicting the outcome of dropping a plastic drink bottle top. The outcome of each drop is recorded and used to develop an understanding of relative frequency and probability and to increase the likelihood of winning. The unit culminates in a "Top Drop" tournament where students use the knowledge and understanding they have gained during the unit.

This activity provides students with a fun, game context in which to practice their addition skills. It also introduces concepts of probability.

The unit provides a focus on interpreting data displays, including analysing any distinctive features. It also focuses on moving students from intuitive and experimental ways of determining possible outcomes to the development of a more systematic approach. This movement from intuition to system and theory is a fundamental aspect of mathematics. It is also what distinguishes mathematics from other disciplines. Mathematics tries to quantify and organise the world on a sound and provable basis. Hence Pythagoras’ Theorem tells us without doubt that the square on the hypotenuse of a right-angled triangle is equal to the sum of the squares on the other two sides. This can be proved without doubt. Similarly we can prove that the probability of getting a 3 when two dice are rolled is 1/18. This certainty does not occur for instance in other sciences. Think about the development of our knowledge of the Universe. Once we believed that the Earth was supported on the back of a turtle. Later we believed that the Earth was at the centre of the Universe. Our ideas have grown from there and are still growing as we meet obstacles to the latest theory. Naturally this does not make mathematics better in any way. It is rather just different and it is trying to do a slightly different job.

Two red and two blue multi-link cubes are placed in a bag. The player takes out two cubes. If the player gets two red cubes they win. The unit looks at, analyses, and extends, this game of chance.

In this unit we investigate the link between experimental and theoretical probability and learn about short run variability. We thentake part in sports betting simulations designed to illustrate how damaging gambling can

This is a problem from the Statistics strand.

This is a problem from the Statistics strand.

This is a problem from the Statistics strand.

This unit seeks to connect learning outcomes across all five content strands, number, geometry, statistics, and measurement. However the context lends itself strongly to use of measurement and statistics. In the unit students investigate questions that involve them in experiment design, data collection and display, and drawing conclusions from data. Students investigate the measurements of breakfast biscuits, how much milk they absorb, how strong they are and the hidden truth about collecting cards

These exercises, activities and games are designed for students to use independently or in small groups to practise random number properties. Some involve investigation (see Related Resources) and may become longer and more involved tasks with subsequent recording/reporting. Typically an exercise is a 10 to 15 minute independent activity.

This activity has a logic and reasoning focus.

These are level 4 number, algebra and statistics problems from the Figure It Out series.

These are level 4 number and statistics problems from the Figure It Out series.

This is a level 4 statistics activity from the Figure It Out series.

This is a level 3 and 4 statistics activity from the Figure It Out series.

This is a level 3 and 4 statistics activity from the Figure It Out series.

This is a level 3 and 4 statistics activity from the Figure It Out series.

This is a level 3 and 4 statistics activity from the Figure It Out series.

This is a level 3 and 4 statistics activity from the Figure It Out series.

This is a level 4 statistics activity from the Figure It Out series.

This is a level 4 statistics activity from the Figure It Out series.

This is a level 4 statistics activity from the Figure It Out series.

This is a level 4 statistics activity from the Figure It Out series.

This is a level 4 statistics activity from the Figure It Out series.

This is a level 4 statistics activity from the Figure It Out series.

This is a level 4 statistics activity from the Figure It Out series.

This is a level 4 statistics activity from the Figure It Out series.

This is a level 4 statistics activity from the Figure It Out series.

This is a level 4 probability and masurement activity from the Figure It Out theme series.

This is a level 4 statistics activity from the Figure It Out series.